![]() This metric is an ad relevance diagnostic and does not apply to campaigns or ad sets, only ads. Possible values include BELOW_AVERAGE_10, BELOW_AVERAGE_20, BELOW_AVERAGE_35, AVERAGE, ABOVE_AVERAGE, or UNKNOWN if there's not enough information about the ad. Your ad is ranked against ads with your optimization goal that competed for the same audience. The total value of all conversions from your catalog segment attributed to your ads.Ī ranking of your ad's expected conversion rate. ![]() It may include a series of interactive or multimedia components, including video, images product catalog and more. An Instant Experience is a screen that opens after someone interacts with your ad on a mobile device. The average total time, in seconds, that people spent viewing an Instant Experience. The average percentage of the Instant Experience that people saw. The name of the ad campaign you're viewing in reporting. The unique ID number of the ad campaign you're viewing in reporting. This field is currently only visible at the campaign level. The method by which you pay for and target ads in your campaigns: through dynamic auction bidding, fixed-price bidding, or reach and frequency buying. An ad set is a group of ads that share the same budget, schedule, delivery optimization and targeting. The name of the ad set you're viewing in reporting. The unique ID of the ad set you're viewing in reporting. ![]() The name of the ad you're viewing in reporting. The unique ID of the ad you're viewing in reporting. Your ad account includes your campaigns, ads and billing. The name of your ad account, which groups your advertising activity. The ID number of your ad account, which groups your advertising activity. Currency that is used by your ad account. ![]()
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![]() ![]() In terms of appearance, it looks like Cooler Master is now going with a fully blacked out case rather than the old greyish case from the QuickFire Rapid. Here we get to take a look at the CM Storm QuickFire TK in all its splendor. Included in the packaging, we receive a quick start booklet explaining the different features of the keyboard along with a detachable gold plated USB cable and a key cap removing tool. We can also see here that the model we have here includes the Cherry MX Blue keyswitches. Here’s a look at the box, which gives us a clue of what Cooler Master has done to incorporate the tenkey pad despite the tenkeyless formfactor. A Closer Look at the Cooler Master CM Storm QuickFire TK It also features the tenkeyless formfactor of the CM Storm QuickFire Rapid.Ĭonfused and wondering what a tenkeyless keyboard with a tenkey pad even looks like? Let’s jump in and take a look at what Cooler Master has created.ģ77.5(L)*138(W)*33(H)mm14.9(L)*5.4(W)*1.3(H)inchĨ84102017926 (SGK-4020-GKCM1 Brown switch)Ĩ84102017940 (SGK-4020-GKCL1 Blue switch) In case its name hasn’t given it away yet, the QuickFire TK features the tenkey pad, but that’s not all. ![]() ![]() So before 2012 rolled to a close, Cooler Master handed us what they call the CM Storm QuickFire TK packed with Cherry MX blue keyswitches for us to review. If only someone could make a tenkeyless formfactor mechanical keyboard with a tenkey pad… Last year, we reviewed the CM Storm QuickFire Rapid which offered the tenkeyless formfactor for portability, but came at the expense of a missing tenkey pad, and although we liked how it could be stuffed into our backpacks effortlessly, we definitely missed having the number pad when it came to working with excel spreadsheets. Warning: Undefined array key "width" in /var/on line 1381 Warning: Undefined array key "width" in /var/on line 1386 Warning: Undefined array key "height" in /var/on line 1386 Warning: Undefined array key "width" in /var/on line 1381 Warning: Undefined array key "width" in /var/on line 1386 Warning: Undefined array key "height" in /var/on line 1386 ![]() ![]() ![]() Garrett Wilson, Jets (WR9): Top rookie gets a top quarterback, and the numbers should get even better.Ģ7. Aaron Rodgers, Jets (QB10): Sure seems likely his rough 2022 season was aberrant, and he is unlikely to disappoint again.Ģ5. Bijan Robinson, Falcons (RB5): Fantastic college running back just needs volume with his new franchise.Ģ2. Saquon Barkley, Giants (RB4): Reception total may never match rookie total, but everthing else was great.ġ9. 1 pick can surely return to that high level again, with health and passable QB play.ġ8. Jonathan Taylor, Colts (RB3): Most recent No. Yeah, he's that much better than every other TE.ġ7. Travis Kelce, Chiefs (TE1): Was outscored by only seven non-QBs in fantasy points. Stefon Diggs, Bills (WR6): Nothing wrong with his numbers last season.ġ6. Davante Adams, Raiders (WR5): Fantastic player and it probably does not matter who plays QB.ġ5. ![]() Christian McCaffrey, 49ers (RB2): Credit where it's due: He played in all 17 games, and played awesome.ġ4. Austin Ekeler, Chargers (RB1): Scored 38 touchdowns the past two seasons. Justin Herbert, Chargers (QB7): Fantastic talent, and wide receiver group has been upgraded.ġ2. Justin Fields, Bears (QB6): Passing skills should improve as team upgrades his options.ġ1. Tyreek Hill, Dolphins (WR4): Just needs his quarterback to stay on the field.ġ0. Ja'Marr Chase, Bengals (WR3): Bengals offense should be terrific for a long time.ĩ. Cooper Kupp, Rams (WR2): Don't expect 2021 statistics again, but he can still dominate, and should return to full health after ankle surgery.Ĩ. Gets the nod as first WR off the board here.ħ. Justin Jefferson, Vikings (WR1): Led league in receptions and receiving yards. ![]() Lamar Jackson, Ravens (QB5): A bit of drama with him this offseason, but still a remarkable talent.Ħ. Joe Burrow, Bengals (QB4): Perhaps a tier below the Big Three QBs, but he's also ahead of the next tier, at 21.9 points per game.ĥ. Jalen Hurts, Eagles (QB3): He led the league with 25.2 PPR points per game. Josh Allen, Bills (QB2): A bit more upside with Allen, because he runs for more yards and scores, and largely safe, too.ģ. Patrick Mahomes, Chiefs (QB1): Coming off his first season leading all QBs in fantasy scoring since 2018, but he is also the safest pick.Ģ. Sign up for a team or reactivate your league today!ġ. The 2023 fantasy football season starts now! Regardless, enjoy as you do your homework in advance of next season! If your league is of the standard flex variety, just ignore the presence of quarterbacks. It might look odd to see the lowest-ranked fantasy passers ranked ahead of typical RB2 and WR2 options, but the potential scoring impact demands it. We know many of you compete in superflex formats that invite/covet second quarterbacks in starting lineups, so these rankings account for that. Welcome to the fantasy football offseason and our early superflex rankings for the 2023 NFL season. You have reached a degraded version of because you're using an unsupported version of Internet Explorer.įor a complete experience, please upgrade or use a supported browserįantasy football flex and superflex rankings for 2023 ![]() ![]() ![]() Here we pick "lossless MP4" as output since it will keep output quality as the same with original movies by retaining the CC, Dolby 5.1 surround sound, AD track, multilingual subtitles, etc. In addition, it provides various preset media devices, like Apple devices, Android phones and tablets, etc. ViWizard DRM M4V Converter for Mac supports a large number of popular video and audio formats, including MP4, M4V, AVI, MKV, MOV, MPG, FLV, MP3, WMA, WAV, OGG, AAC, and others. Then we move to the bottom left to select the output format. By clicking the Audio and Subtitle option next to the movie info, we can choose the target audio tracks and subtitles as we wish. ![]() Before we start to strip the DRM off, we are allowed to customize the settings according to our own needs. Now all movies we need to convert are listed in ViWizard properly with movie title, time length, file size, etc. The other method to add iTunes M4V videos to ViWizard is drag-and-drop. Here we can choose the movies or TV shows we want to convert and click OK to load them into ViWizard conversion window. We can just click "Add Files" button in the top center, then a window will pop up from which we can see a list of all iTunes movie files. It provides users two ways to add iTunes movies to convert. After launching ViWizard DRM M4V Converter for Mac, it will launch iTunes automatically and hide iTunes in the task bar. The whole process to remove DRM from iTunes with ViWizard is combined with three simple steps only: adding files, adjusting output settings, and converting the iTunes videos. Now let's take a look at how to use ViWizard DRM M4V Converter for Mac to convert DRM-ed iTunes M4V to DRM-free formats. It works at up to 30X super faster speed while preserving all subtitles and audio tracks in output media files. It's supposed to strip DRM from iTunes videos by convert the M4V files to non-DRM media formats, such as lossless MP4, M4V, HD MP4, MKV, MOV, AVI, WMV, FLV, MP3, AAC, WAV, etc. ![]() Converting iTunes M4V Videos Conversion ProcessĪs an all-in-one FairPlay DRM killer, ViWizard iTunes M4V Converter is able to completely unlock DRM restriction from both iTunes M4V movie rentals and purchases. Overall, the clean appearance makes using this iTunes DRM cracker for Mac intuitive and easy to use than any other similar iTunes DRM removal tools. It's easy to understand and operate even for beginners who are non-technical to computers. User Interfaceįirst of all, the user interface of ViWizard iTunes M4V Converter for Mac is well designed with simple and neat buttons. Till the time when we writing this review, it completely supports the latest iTunes 12.5.3 as well. ![]() It's fully compatible with Mac OS X 10.8, 10.9, 10.10, 10.11 as well as the most up-to-date macOS 10.12 Sierra, while the Windows version of ViWizard DRM Media Converter works perfectly on all Windows OS including XP, Vista, Win 7, Win 8 and Win 10. This smart DRM iTunes M4V converter is available in both Mac and Windows versions. Getting Started - Introduction to ViWizard DRM M4V Converter System Requirements Here we'll give ViWizard DRM M4V Converter for Mac a full review on how it performs to remove DRM from iTunes videos step by step and from different parts, including the user interface, conversion, output quality, etc. It could be one of the best and fastest iTunes DRM M4V video converter tools currently in the market. When talking about the top-leading iTunes DRM remover, you can't miss ViWizard DRM M4V Converter, a standout powerful DRM removal software and iTunes video converter developed to bypass DRM restriction from iTunes M4V rentals and purchases while converting the DRM-protected M4V videos tolossless MP4, M4V, and other common DRM-free video formats. ITunes FairPlay DRM copy protection makes us impossible to play purchased iTunes movies or TV shows on non-Apple devices unless we get rid of the DRM lock from the protected videos by using third-party iTunes DRM removal tools. ![]() ![]() ![]() What my kids were doing while I inflated The Original Fly Tot. I wouldn’t underestimate the importance of this feature, as any gap between the cushion and the seat would make the whole “bed” idea less workable. It also has a nice v-shape, which means that the top of it inflates so that it fits tightly against the airplane seat and the seat back in front of you. This makes it a great footrest, perfect for an older child whose legs dangle on a plane or in a car. You can inflate just one compartment, making the cushion shorter. There’s no way around the fact that any of these inflatable cushions are going to be somewhat awkward to carry on to a plane and then inflate on the plane, but The Original Fly Tot makes it as painless as possible with the location of the valves and the way in which the cushion and the pump fold up.Īnother excellent feature of The Original Fly Tot is the two different-sized compartments. It inflates pretty quickly with the pump. The Original Fly Tot, on the other hand, comes with a hand/foot pump that all my kids were eager to try out. The knock-off was a plasticky-smelling basic inflatable rectangular cushion that took an awful lot of deep breaths to inflate (and as someone who has to yell at three boys a lot, deep breaths are in short supply around here). It’s kind of a long story, but I actually had a generic, cheap knock-off I bought on Amazon for comparison - and there was no comparison. First of all, it’s a good quality product. I tried out The Original Fly Tot on a red-eye to Costa Rica last month. ![]() Is The Original Fly Tot Better Than its Competitors? This is not the intended purpose of The Original Fly Tot, FYI. I’m not really sure where I was when this first came out (probably hiding in my bedroom, covered in spit-up, wearing a three-day-old nightgown, and nursing an infant), but I I traveled with all three of my kids during the first years of their lives, and I sure wish I’d known about it. The Original Fly Tot is an ingenious solution for families flying with very young children. Unless, of course, you have come up with an invention that extends the surface of the seat so that it forms a flat bed for said kicky child. If they are taller than about eighteen inches, this is going be a problem, and you are likely to get kicked in the face. As anyone who has been on a long-haul flight with a child knows, they will eventually need to lie down. The Original Fly Tot is an inflatable cushion designed to fit in the space between the airplane seat and the seat back in front of it, creating a flat surface so a child can lie down and sleep. Very rarely do I wish I could go back in time to red-eye flights with tiny tots, but trying out The Original Fly Tot cushion almost made me wish just that. My youngest child is now three years old, and every day I thank my lucky stars I am no longer changing diapers on airplanes. ![]() ![]() ![]() Very few people in Europe could read or write. Only a small number of men had enough money to go to university. The reason universities had an important influence was that learning took place there. Universities were also important social institutions at the time. ![]() Priests also told people that they could make sure of a place in Heaven if they did not break these rules. People were punished severely for breaking these rules. The teachings of the Church were based on very strict rules. Almost everyone in Europe belonged to the Catholic Church and believed in God and the devil. The Church taught people that life on earth was not important. It influenced what people believed about the world. The Church owned land, and people had to pay some of their wages as taxes to the Church. At its head was the Pope, who lived in the Vatican City in Rome. The Roman Catholic Church was a very rich and powerful social institution in Europe. People’s religious beliefs were more important to them than the country that they lived in. They believed in sea monsters and that strange and weird people lived in other parts of the world. Most Europeans believed that the world was flat and that is was dangerous to sail close to the edge. At the time that the other empires you read about in this section were at their height, Europe was quite isolated from the rest of the world, and was divided into many small states.Įuropeans were ignorant of the rest of the world. The Middle Ages in Europe are the years between about 410 AD and 1500 AD. In Europe this was the middle ages period. Glossary Feudal Society: The stage of society that preceded capitalism, during which a small elite (the aristocracy) demanded recompense from a peasantry in exchange for military protection. ![]() This usage doesn’t usually refer to the actual structural complexities of feudalism, but rather is intended to draw a comparison based on how unequal and unjust such systems were.The Middle Ages in Europe, a feudal society While such systems essentially no longer exist, the term feudal system is still often heard in political discourse as a negative term for unfair forms of government. At the bottom of the hierarchy were farmers and merchants. Japan operated under a feudal system from the 1100s to the 1800s under powerful military leaders called shoguns, whose vassals, called daimyo, controlled armies of samurai. And they were required to get the lord’s permission to do just about anything, including getting married or traveling off of the land.įeudalism wasn’t limited to medieval Europe. Serfs were not free to work elsewhere or go wherever they pleased-if the land passed from one owner to another, the serfs were then required to work the land for that new owner. Working the land (doing the actual farming) at the very bottom of the hierarchy were peasants called serfs. Their tenants, called vassals, swore loyalty to the lord and provided military service (yes, knights in shining armor). At the top of the hierarchy in the feudal system was a king, who traditionally owned all land and granted it directly to noblemen, known as lords, who held hereditary rights to it. The word feudalism may call to mind images of lowly peasants toiling for haughty nobles, but the relationships in such systems were more complex than that. ![]() The term feudal system was introduced much later, in the 1700s, by scholars studying the complex legal and political relationships of the Middle Ages. But they didn’t call it a feudal system at the time. The feudal system developed in Europe when the decline of the Roman Empire led to a fragmentation of power, which in turn allowed wealthy landowners to strengthen their control over the people living on their land. ![]() ![]() ![]() Rebooting or performing a “soft reset” on your Kindle is done in the following way:Ģ. Choose “Reset.” On older models, choose “Reset Device.”ĥ. Go to the “Home” screen and swipe down to select the “Quick Actions” or “Menu” option.Ĥ. ![]() Here are the steps to factory reset your Kindle:ġ. If you need to clear all the data from your Kindle and return it to its original state, a factory reset will do the trick. Uninstall and reinstall the app (this can only be done if you installed the app yourself).If your apps are crashing, freezing, or refusing to close on your tablet, try the following: How do I clear app errors on my Fire Tablet? Here are the steps to activate the Whispersync feature on your Android device:Ģ. Enable “Whispersync for Books.” How do I turn on Whispersync on my Android? From the navigation bar, choose “More.”Ĥ. How do I turn on Whispersync on my iPhone?įollow these steps to enable Whispersync on your iOS device:Ģ. Try this as an absolute last resort, as you’ll need to download your entire library again. Uninstall and reinstall the Kindle app.Try deregistering and then re-registering the Kindle app.If you have multiple Amazon accounts, ensure the Kindle app is registered to the correct account.Use “Manage Your Content and Devices” to deliver the book to your preferred device.Check “Your Orders” to ensure your purchase payment was successful.Ensure your device is connected to the internet.If your book isn’t appearing in the Kindle library, try the following troubleshooting steps: Why aren’t my Kindle books showing in my library? Choose “Yes, delete permanently” to confirm. From the “Your Content List,” check the boxes beside the books you want to delete.Ĥ. Yes, you can this can be done in two ways:Ģ. The book will download and then open once the download is complete.įAQs Can you add your own books to Kindle?.Double-click the book cover of the book you want to add.Follow these steps to add an e-book to the Kindle app on your PC: You can download e-books from the Kindle app to read anytime. How to Add Books to Kindle App on a Windows PC The book will open once the download is successful. A progress bar update will display as the book downloads.Double-click on the book cover for the book you want to download.Here’s how to add a book to the Kindle app on your Mac: To enjoy your e-books offline, you can download them to the Kindle app to read at leisure. How to Add Books to the Kindle App on a Mac Select the book cover for the book you want to download again.Choose “All” to see all your purchased items.Follow these steps to download your e-books to your Fire tablet: Once you have purchased an e-book, you can download it to the Kindle app on your Fire tablet to read at leisure. If you are not currently connected to a network, the next time you connect, the book will download.Adding Books to the Kindle App on a Kindle Fire Go back to your Android phone and click "Archive." As long as your phone is connected to a data network, the book will download to your device. A pop-up dialogue opens.Ĭhoose "Kindle for Android" from the pop-up box and look for a confirmation note above the book's title on your "Kindle Library" screen. Click the "My Account" link at the top of any Amazon screen, and then click "Manage Your Kindle" in the "Let Us Help You" section, near the bottom of the "My Account" screen.Ĭlick on the "Actions" button next to the book that you want to send to your Android phone. Navigate to the Amazon website from your computer and log in. The login credentials required are the same as you would use to log in on the Amazon website or your Kindle. On subsequent visits, the app will remember your username and password, and you’ll be connected automatically to your account. Log in to your account the first time you open the Kindle application. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Their products are known for being vibrant, colorful, and sexy, making Flamingo Shop a great option if you’re looking for something daring and cute, yet casual and fresh.įlamingo Shop releases new products every day, including dresses, tops, bottoms, lingerie, swimwear, accessories, and many other clothing items. However, the store has its own unique style. Like many other fast fashion websites, Flamingo Shop offers a wide range of trendy products that come in various sizes, colors, and designs. Additionally, the availability of specific products may depend on factors such as size, color, and style. It’s worth noting that Flamingo Shop’s inventory may change over time, as they add new products and remove older ones. Home Decor: In addition to fashion items, Flamingo Shop also offers a selection of home decor items, including wall art, throw pillows, and blankets.Bags: The store sells a variety of bags, including totes, crossbody bags, backpacks, and clutches.Accessories: Flamingo Shop also offers a range of accessories to complement your outfit, including jewelry, hats, scarves, belts, and sunglasses.Shoes: The store sells a range of shoes, including sandals, heels, boots, flats, and sneakers.This includes tops, dresses, skirts, pants, shorts, and outerwear. Clothing: Flamingo Shop offers a variety of clothing items for both men and women.Some of the products you can find on their website include: What Products Does Flamingo Shop Sell?įlamingo Shop is an online store that offers a range of fashion items for both men and women. However, some of the items that customers can expect to find on the site include dresses, tops, bottoms, shoes, bags, and jewelry.Īdditionally, the store may offer special promotions or discounts from time to time to encourage customers to make a purchase. The exact products offered by Flamingo Shop may vary, as the store’s inventory may change over time to keep up with changing fashion trends and customer preferences. The store’s name likely comes from the fact that flamingos are often associated with fashion and style, and the company may have chosen the name to evoke a sense of elegance and sophistication. What Is Flamingo Shop?įlamingo Shop is an online store that sells a variety of fashion items, including clothing, accessories, and jewelry. Now that we’ve addressed any doubts about the store’s legitimacy, let’s delve into what Flamingo Shop has to offer as a newcomer to the online fashion scene. On a positive note, the store does appear to be responsive to customer inquiries and concerns. Without sufficient feedback on the quality of their products, it’s challenging to determine customer satisfaction. However, it is difficult to assess the quality of their products or the overall customer experience, as there are few reviews available. It seems that Flamingo Shop is a legitimate online store, as many people have reported successfully placing and receiving orders from them. For those seeking answers to this question, we invite you to read on as we address the matter. One such store that has been in business for some time is Flamingo Shop, and there may be individuals who are curious about its credibility. Reviews are a valuable resource for determining a store’s legitimacy, but some online retailers are skilled at managing their public image and refuting any negative claims. While many of these stores boast high-quality products and earn positive reputations, it can be difficult to distinguish between the legitimate ones and those that may be less reputable. It also has an address label inside the main compartment.The world of online fashion is constantly evolving, with new stores emerging and impressing fashion enthusiasts with their unique ideas and offerings. The carrying system is simple but practical and consists of handles at the top and slender, adjustable shoulder straps. The included PE foam seat cushion is stored in the interior back pocket where it prevents the contents of the backpack from poking against your back – and is always within reach for when you need to take a break and sit down, wherever you may be. It has two flat side pockets and a zipped pocket on the front, perfect for those bits and bobs that you want to keep close at hand. The spacious main compartment has a large opening with a zip, which makes it easy to pack and unpack. The material is hard-wearing, lightweight Vinylon F fabric that is able to withstand dirt and wetness. This classic backpack is equally suited to journeys to and from school or work, as it is to trekking and travelling. Today, 35 years later, Kånken has straightened millions of backs across the globe and has become one of Fjällräven's most beloved products. ![]() Straight backs are happy backs! Kånken was created as far back as 1978 to help prevent back problems among Swedish school children and quickly became a common sight at preschools and nature schools throughout the country. ![]() ![]() ![]() Check out return empty list, return empty map, return empty enumeration, return empty list iterator, return empty sorted set, return empty sorted map and return empty iterator when having to deal with other collection types. There are a few ways to handle the exception to the rule when you encounter methods that should return a collection but instead return null. In practice you should return the same immutable empty collection every time you return a collection. Abracadabra! No nulls More details in books like Effective Java by Joshua Bloch.Effective java Item 43 states return empty arrays or collections, not nulls. Consider normalizing your string references with nullToEmpty. If the codebase does not need to support Java 5, it. }If I go into the first class, what are you going to do about the middle name I haven't got? Mark it null? But in the second version, you can have an array with all middle names in in my case you can use a zero‑length array. Returns true if the given string is null or is the empty string. Note that in Java 6 and later, the String class has an isEmpty method that checks whether a string is empty. In simple words, we can say that variables don’t point to the same objects. The expression ab will return false because '' and null do not occupy the same space in memory. We used the equals () method and equal operator to check the empty and null string in this example. For example, if you have a Person class you can design it like this:- public class Person Check Null and empty String using the equals () method in Java. There are some data structures which can be used to avoid nulls. Check Null and empty String using the equals () method in Java. ![]() ![]() A blank String contains only whitespaces, are is neither empty nor null, since it does have an assigned value, and isn't of 0 length. An empty string is a String object with an assigned value, but its length is equal to zero. Rest assured, it will find somewhere where it really hurts In Java, there is a distinct difference between null, empty, and blank Strings. String s //Inits to null String a '' //A blank string. Empty strings contain zero characters and display as double quotes with nothing between. The comparsion str will only return true if the data type. An empty string, however, is a value - it is a string of no characters. String arrays can contain both empty strings and missing values. Method 1: Using the Operator s '' if s '' : print ( 'String is empty' ) else : print ( 'String is not empty' ) Method 2: Using the not Operator s '' if not s: print ( 'String is empty' ) else : print ( 'String is not empty' ) In both of these methods, the if statement will print 'String is empty' if the string s is empty. At least be aware of the possibility this is where null tests are a good idea. You can use the strict equality operator ( ) to check whether a string is empty or not. trees, singly linked lists, where nulls are unavoidable. Keep it there where it can't do any harm. An Optional object may be a good place to hide it. You can hide nulls away safely in some sorts of data structure. DefaultSerializerProvider.Impl sp new DefaultSerializerProvider.Impl () sp.setNullValueSerializer (new NullSerializer ()) new. The not operator in the second example negates the 'truthiness' or 'falsiness' of the string, making the code slightly more concise. so i think its not good to use if else in every variable. s '' if not s: print ( 'String is empty' ) else : print ( 'String is not empty' ) In both of these methods, the if statement will print 'String is empty' if the string s is empty. i get this data from database, mapping in to java class using setter getter. Which Java string value is preferred to return: blank or null Ask Question Asked 9 years, 3 months ago Modified 9 years, 3 months ago Viewed 19k times 2 I came across this snippet and am wondering if I should return blank in this case. While writing the check is easy, testing it can be a bit annoying. consisting solely of whitespace characters). Or throw a NullPointerException as soon as the null appears. im making a rest controller which return json. In many cases, when you have a method that accepts a mandatory string parameter, you want to verify that the parameter contains a value that isn’t null, nor empty, not blank (i.e. If they come in, treat them like a wasp trying to eat your dinner:. I suggest it might be a good idea to monitor places where nulls enter your program. ![]() ![]() ![]() PostgreSQL v9.4 (2014) added the ability to execute ALTER TABLE ALTER CONSTRAINT. ❌ The following types of constraints can't be deferred, which means PostgreSQL deviates from the SQL standard some: PRIMARY KEY (but I wouldn't do it, see the performance considerations below).✅ The following types of constraints can be deferred: The constraint can be temporarily DEFERRED if it is DEFERRABLE with one of these statements: SET CONSTRAINTS numbers_number_key DEFERRED The constraint can be created as INITIALLY DEFERRED which will set the constraint to DEFERRED by default. A constraint can be DEFERRED two different ways: When a constraint is DEFERRED it is not validated until the transaction commits. Public | numbers | numbers_number_key | f | f INNER JOIN pg_namespace ns ON ns.oid = class.relnamespaceĪND ns.nspname != 'pg_catalog' ORDER BY 1, 2, 3 Īnd we can see that indeed the unique constraint is NOT DEFERRABLE ( deferrable = false) and INITIALLY IMMEDIATE ( deferred = false): schema | table | constraint | deferrable | deferred INNER JOIN pg_class class ON class.oid = con.conrelid We can see every constraint in our database with this query: SELECT ns.nspname AS schema NOT DEFERRABLE means we can't change this setting in a transaction.INITIALLY IMMEDIATE means that the constraint is being validated after each row is updated individually by default.deferredĬonstraints are NOT DEFERRABLE INITIALLY IMMEDIATE by default in PostgreSQL. ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "numbers_number_key" - DETAIL: Key (number)=(2) already exists. If we try to update every row in the table, incrementing the value by 1, we run into a problem: UPDATE numbers Constraints in PostgreSQL are validated immediately row-by-row by default, which might be confusing when updating multiple values in columns that have a uniqueness constraint.Ĭonsider this contrived scenario of one table with one column that has a unique constraint (and index): CREATE TABLE numbers ( ![]() |